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web.groovymark@gmail.com
- December 12, 2024
Question 21
What concerns have been raised about intelligence tests?
a) They are too difficult for adults
b) Possible bias in the tests
c) They only measure emotional skills
d) They are not used anymore
Correct Answer: b) Possible bias in the tests
Explanation: Intelligence tests have faced criticism for potential bias, as they may not accurately reflect the abilities of individuals from diverse cultural or socioeconomic backgrounds.
Question 22
What is parental capital?
a) Financial investments in a child’s future
b) Strong parental involvement in schools
c) The total wealth of the family
d) Parents’ emotional well-being
Correct Answer: b) Strong parental involvement in schools
Explanation: Parental capital refers to the influence and resources that parents contribute to their children's education, including their involvement in school activities.
Question 23
What are some learning disabilities?
a) Anxiety, stress, and depression
b) Dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, ADHD
c) Shyness and introversion
d) High IQ and fast learning
Correct Answer: b) Dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, ADHD
Explanation: Common learning disabilities include dyslexia (reading difficulties), dysgraphia (writing difficulties), dyscalculia (math difficulties), and ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder).
Question 24
What is the ecological systems model?
a) A model of plant growth
b) Examining contexts and influences on an individual’s life
c) A theory about climate change
d) A psychological disorder
Correct Answer: b) Examining contexts and influences on an individual's life
Explanation: The ecological systems model, proposed by Bronfenbrenner, examines the multiple contexts and systems that influence an individual’s development, including family, school, and society.
Question 25
What causes significant improvement in thinking and processing skills during adolescence?
a) Increased brain size
b) Myelination of neurons and development of connections
c) Decrease in brain activity
d) Decreased cognitive demand
Correct Answer: b) Myelination of neurons and development of connections
Explanation: Myelination, the process of coating nerve fibers, and the development of neural connections during adolescence lead to significant improvements in cognitive abilities.
Question 26
What does the limbic system control?
a) Sight and hearing
b) Emotions and hormonal changes
c) Fine motor skills
d) Language development
Correct Answer: b) Emotions and hormonal changes
Explanation: The limbic system is a part of the brain that controls emotions and hormonal changes, playing a critical role during adolescence.
Question 27
What hormones increase during adolescence?
a) Insulin and cortisol
b) Dopamine and oxytocin
c) Serotonin and melatonin
d) Thyroxine and adrenaline
Correct Answer: b) Dopamine and oxytocin
Explanation: During adolescence, levels of dopamine (associated with pleasure and reward) and oxytocin (associated with bonding and social interaction) increase significantly.
Question 28
What are the harmful effects of insufficient sleep in adolescence?
a) It leads to rapid physical growth
b) It helps in processing more information
c) It can have various harmful effects on health and cognition
d) It increases focus and energy
Correct Answer: c) It can have various harmful effects on health and cognition
Explanation: Insufficient sleep during adolescence can disrupt cognitive functioning, emotional regulation, and physical health, leading to negative outcomes such as poor academic performance and increased stress.
Question 29
Why are consistent sleep schedules necessary for adolescents?
a) To improve appetite
b) To lead a healthy and meaningful life
c) To reduce height growth
d) To increase the need for sugar
Correct Answer: b) To lead a healthy and meaningful life
Explanation: Maintaining consistent sleep schedules is crucial for adolescents to support physical health, emotional well-being, and cognitive functioning.
Question 30
What cognitive abilities develop during the formal operational stage?
a) Concrete thinking and logical reasoning
b) Understanding abstract principles
c) Decline in cognitive abilities
d) Focus only on basic needs
Correct Answer: b) Understanding abstract principles
Explanation: In the formal operational stage, adolescents develop the ability to think abstractly and understand complex, theoretical concepts beyond concrete experiences.
Question 31
What are some characteristics of egocentricity in adolescence?
a) A focus on helping others only
b) Heightened self-focus and concern with others’ reactions
c) A complete lack of self-awareness
d) Indifference to peer opinions
Correct Answer: b) Heightened self-focus and concern with others' reactions
Explanation: Adolescents often exhibit egocentricity, where they become highly self-focused and sensitive to how others perceive them, sometimes imagining an "audience" observing their every move.
Question 32
How does stress during adolescence affect decision-making?
a) Stress has no effect on decision-making
b) Stress leads to more thoughtful and cautious decisions
c) Stress can cause adolescents to make risky decisions
d) Stress only affects physical health, not decision-making
Correct Answer: c) Stress can cause adolescents to make risky decisions
Explanation: Adolescents under stress may be more likely to make impulsive or risky decisions, as stress can impair their ability to think through the consequences of their actions.
Question 33
What is deductive reasoning, and when does it appear?
a) The ability to make specific observations based on general knowledge
b) The ability to draw truthful conclusions from accurate premises, appearing in adolescence
c) The process of making random guesses without evidence
d) The ability to focus on one task for long periods
Correct Answer: b) The ability to draw truthful conclusions from accurate premises, appearing in adolescence
Explanation: Deductive reasoning is a type of logical thinking that allows adolescents to draw accurate conclusions if the premises are true, and it typically develops during adolescence.
Question 34
What is inductive reasoning, and when does it emerge?
a) Drawing specific conclusions from general premises
b) Drawing general conclusions based on specific observations or comments
c) Making wild guesses
d) Predicting future events based on intuition
Correct Answer: b) Drawing general conclusions based on specific observations or comments
Explanation: Inductive reasoning, which emerges in childhood, involves making generalizations based on specific information or patterns observed, sometimes referred to as "bottom-up" thinking.
Question 35
What role do peer and gender influences play in the education of adolescents?
a) They have no impact on educational outcomes
b) They play a significant role in shaping educational experiences
c) They only affect emotional well-being
d) They only impact extracurricular activities
Correct Answer: b) They play a significant role in shaping educational experiences
Explanation: Peer and gender influences have a significant impact on adolescents' education, affecting their motivation, academic interests, and social behavior in learning environments.
Question 36
What are some industrious activities that children in middle and late childhood perform?
a) Passive activities such as watching TV
b) Various types of industrious activities like school projects, chores, and hobbies
c) Sleeping more
d) Avoiding responsibility
Correct Answer: b) Various types of industrious activities like school projects, chores, and hobbies
Explanation: During middle and late childhood, children engage in industrious activities such as school assignments, household chores, and hobbies, which help them develop a sense of competence.
Question 37
What is the importance of developing a sense of self in middle childhood?
a) It is only important for social relationships
b) It is not relevant for future life
c) It is important for building self-esteem and preparing for future life
d) It has no impact on adult success
Correct Answer: c) It is important for building self-esteem and preparing for future life
Explanation: Developing a sense of self during middle childhood is crucial for self-esteem and helps prepare children for their roles and responsibilities later in life.
Question 38
According to Kohlberg, how are moral values formed during middle childhood?
a) Through random experiences
b) Through various stages of active thinking and reasoning
c) By observing only parents’ behavior
d) By imitating peers
Correct Answer: b) Through various stages of active thinking and reasoning
Explanation: Kohlberg believed that children develop moral values by progressing through stages of moral reasoning, where they actively think about and evaluate right and wrong
Question 39
What becomes more important in middle childhood in terms of social relationships?
a) Ignoring friendships to focus on school
b) Developing friendships and peer acceptance
c) Avoiding peer interaction
d) Isolating oneself from social groups
Correct Answer: b) Developing friendships and peer acceptance
Explanation: In middle childhood, social relationships become more important, and children place greater emphasis on friendships and being accepted by their peers.
Question 40
What role does family play in the holistic development of children?
a) Minimal role in shaping behavior
b) Significant role in emotional, social, and cognitive development
c) Family only affects emotional well-being
d) Family has no role in a child’s education
Correct Answer: b) Significant role in emotional, social, and cognitive development
Explanation: Family plays a vital role in children’s overall development, influencing their emotional, social, and cognitive growth.
