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web.groovymark@gmail.com
- November 21, 2024
Question 01
Which of the following best defines a “sample” in statistics?
a) The entire population
b) A small portion of the population
c) The average of the population
d) A measure of variability
Correct Answer: b) A small portion of the population
Explanation: A sample refers to a subset drawn from a larger population, allowing for statistical analysis without needing to study the entire population.
Question 02
In statistical terms, what is a “parameter”?
a) A value obtained from a sample
b) A numerical characteristic of a population
c) A type of variable
d) A summary measure of a dataset
Correct Answer: b) A numerical characteristic of a population
Explanation: A parameter is a numerical value that describes an entire population, while a statistic describes a sample.
Question 03
Which type of variable can take on an infinite number of values between any two observed values?
a) Discrete variable
b) Continuous variable
c) Nominal variable
d) Ordinal variable
Correct Answer: b) Continuous variable
Explanation: Continuous variables can assume an infinite number of values within a range, such as height or temperature.
Question 04
What is an example of categorical data?
a) Height in centimeters
b) Age in years
c) Marital status
d) Income in dollars
Correct Answer: c) Marital status
Explanation: Categorical data represents characteristics or qualities, such as marital status, which can be classified into groups.
Question 05
What is the purpose of the ordinal scale in measurement?
a) To categorize without order
b) To rank data in a specific order
c) To represent continuous data
d) To measure exact quantities
Correct Answer: b) To rank data in a specific order
Explanation: The ordinal scale arranges categories in a meaningful order, but the differences between them are not quantifiable.
Question 06
In data analysis, what does “sampling” refer to?
a) Analyzing the entire population
b) Taking a subset from the population for analysis
c) Cleaning and organizing data
d) Visualizing data through graphs
Correct Answer: b) Taking a subset from the population for analysis
Explanation: Sampling is the process of selecting a portion of the population to represent the whole, facilitating data analysis without requiring complete data.
Question 07
What is the main difference between probability sampling and non-probability sampling?
a) Probability sampling is quicker.
b) Non-probability sampling includes randomness; probability does not.
c) In probability sampling, every member has a chance of selection.
d) Probability sampling is less reliable.
Correct Answer: c) In probability sampling, every member has a chance of selection.
Explanation: Probability sampling ensures that every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected, enhancing the representativeness of the sample.
Question 08
What does a frequency distribution table show?
a) The average of a dataset
b) The number of occurrences of each category
c) The cumulative sum of a dataset
d) The highest and lowest values in a dataset
Correct Answer: b) The number of occurrences of each category
Explanation: A frequency distribution table organizes data by categories and shows how many observations fall into each category.
Question 09
When presenting data graphically, which chart type is best for showing trends over time?
a) Pie chart
b) Bar chart
c) Line chart
d) Histogram
Correct Answer: c) Line chart
Explanation: Line charts effectively display data points over time, allowing viewers to see trends and changes across intervals.
Question 10
What is the function of a “legend” in a chart?
a) To summarize the data
b) To explain the data series represented
c) To label the axes
d) To provide numerical values
Correct Answer: b) To explain the data series represented
Explanation: The legend identifies different data series in a chart, helping viewers understand what each color or pattern represents.
Question 11
In Excel, which function would you use to remove extra spaces from a text string?
a) TRIM
b) CLEAN
c) SUBSTITUTE
d) TEXTSPLIT
Correct Answer: a) TRIM
Explanation: The TRIM function eliminates unnecessary spaces from text, making it cleaner for analysis and presentation.
Question 12
Which of the following is a characteristic of the median?
a) It is influenced by extreme values.
b) It is the average of all data points.
c) It represents the middle value in a sorted dataset.
d) It can be calculated for nominal data.
Correct Answer: c) It represents the middle value in a sorted dataset.
Explanation: The median is the value that separates the higher half from the lower half of a dataset, providing a measure of central tendency that is not affected by outliers.
Question 13
When calculating the range of a dataset, which formula would you use?
a) Highest value – Lowest value
b) (Highest value + Lowest value) / 2
c) Highest value + Lowest value
d) Average of all values
Correct Answer: a) Highest value - Lowest value
Explanation: The range is calculated by subtracting the smallest value from the largest value, indicating the spread of the dataset.
Question 14
What does the “cumulative frequency” in a frequency distribution indicate?
a) The total frequency of all observations
b) The frequency of observations above a certain value
c) The running total of frequencies up to a specific point
d) The frequency of each category
Correct Answer: c) The running total of frequencies up to a specific point
Explanation: Cumulative frequency tracks the total number of observations that fall below or at each category, aiding in understanding data distribution.
Question 15
How can you calculate the weighted mean?
a) By averaging all values equally
b) By applying different weights to different values before calculating the average
c) By using only the highest values in the dataset
d) By using only the lowest values in the dataset
Correct Answer: b) By applying different weights to different values before calculating the average
Explanation: The weighted mean accounts for the importance of each value by multiplying each value by its respective weight and then dividing by the total of the weights.
Question 16
In the context of statistics, what is an “outlier”?
a) A typical value within the dataset
b) A value that significantly deviates from other observations
c) The median of a dataset
d) The mode of a dataset
Correct Answer: b) A value that significantly deviates from other observations
Explanation: Outliers are extreme values that can skew data analysis and interpretations, necessitating careful examination.
Question 17
Which Excel function would you use to display the average of a range of cells?
a) =SUM
b) =MAX
c) =AVERAGE
d) =COUNT
Correct Answer: c) =AVERAGE
Explanation: The AVERAGE function computes the mean of a specified range of numbers, providing a summary measure of central tendency.
Question 18
In statistical analysis, what does “inferential statistics” involve?
a) Summarizing and organizing data
b) Making predictions or inferences about a population based on sample data
c) Calculating averages and medians
d) Describing individual data points
Correct Answer: b) Making predictions or inferences about a population based on sample data
Explanation: Inferential statistics employs techniques that allow researchers to draw conclusions about a population based on observations from a sample.
Question 19
What does the term “data validation” refer to in Excel?
a) Ensuring that formulas are correct
b) Restricting the type of data entered into a cell
c) Formatting cells for better appearance
d) Calculating totals automatically
Correct Answer: b) Restricting the type of data entered into a cell
Explanation: Data validation helps maintain data integrity by limiting the type of information that can be entered into a cell, preventing errors.
Question 20
When using the “Sort” feature in Excel, what is the result?
a) Data is permanently deleted.
b) Data is rearranged in a specific order based on selected criteria.
c) Data is visualized through charts.
d) Data is averaged automatically.
Correct Answer: b) Data is rearranged in a specific order based on selected criteria.
Explanation: The Sort feature organizes data within a worksheet according to specified parameters, such as alphabetical or numerical order.
