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web.groovymark@gmail.com
- December 14, 2024
Question 01
A student assumes that because they have never seen a UFO, they must not exist. What fallacy is this an example of?
a) Appeal to ignorance
b) Hasty generalization
c) Strawman
d) False dilemma
Correct Answer: a) Appeal to ignorance
Explanation: The appeal to ignorance fallacy assumes that something must be true or false because there is no evidence to the contrary.
Question 02
A team consistently misses deadlines, and the manager decides to enforce stricter timelines and deadlines. What management technique does this resemble?
a) Performance management
b) Micromanagement
c) Task management
d) Participative management
Correct Answer: a) Performance management
Explanation: Performance management focuses on improving outcomes by holding individuals accountable to meet deadlines and objectives.
Question 03
A politician argues that because one city increased taxes and businesses left, increasing taxes will always harm local economies. What fallacy does this represent?
a) Hasty generalization
b) Appeal to authority
c) Slippery slope
d) Ad hominem
Correct Answer: a) Hasty generalization
Explanation: The politician is generalizing based on one example, without considering other factors or examples.
Question 04
A manager delegates more responsibilities to an employee to motivate them. Which motivational theory does this align with?
a) Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
b) Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
c) McClelland’s Theory of Needs
d) Vroom’s Expectancy Theory
Correct Answer: c) McClelland’s Theory of Needs
Explanation: McClelland’s Theory focuses on the need for achievement and motivation through responsibility.
Question 05
A person sees a news report about a plane crash and decides to avoid flying. What cognitive bias does this reflect?
a) Availability bias
b) Confirmation bias
c) Selection bias
d) Anchoring bias
Correct Answer: a) Availability bias
Explanation: Availability bias occurs when a recent or vivid event influences decisions disproportionately.
Question 06
A company wants to make small, gradual changes to its product line. Which change management model would be most appropriate?
a) Kotter’s 8-Step Change Model
b) Lewin’s Change Management Model
c) ADKAR Model
d) McKinsey 7-S Model
Correct Answer: b) Lewin’s Change Management Model
Explanation: Lewin’s model focuses on unfreezing, changing, and refreezing, which is suitable for gradual changes.
Question 07
A person argues that because their friend got sick after eating sushi, all sushi is unsafe. What fallacy is being committed here?
a) Post hoc, ergo propter hoc
b) Ad hominem
c) Hasty generalization
d) False dilemma
Correct Answer: c) Hasty generalization
Explanation: Hasty generalization occurs when someone draws a broad conclusion based on a single instance.
Question 08
What is a logical reaction to encountering a source that presents extreme claims without evidence?
a) Accept the source immediately
b) Ignore the source completely
c) Critically evaluate the source for credibility
d) Cite the source because it is dramatic
Correct Answer: c) Critically evaluate the source for credibility
Explanation: Critical thinkers should always verify claims, especially when they are extreme or unsupported by evidence.
Question 09
A student believes they should trust only academic journals for their research and dismisses other forms of sources. What cognitive bias is this?
a) Selection bias
b) Confirmation bias
c) Anchoring bias
d) Availability bias
Correct Answer: a) Selection bias
Explanation: Selection bias involves favoring certain types of evidence or sources over others without sufficient reason.
Question 10
A manager decides to improve communication within a team by encouraging more collaboration. Which team-building strategy does this align with?
a) Clear communication
b) High levels of conflict
c) Lack of accountability
d) Defined roles and responsibilities
Correct Answer: a) Clear communication
Explanation: Encouraging collaboration requires clear communication among team members to be effective.
Question 11
An individual assumes that if one person is late to a meeting, the entire team will always be late. What reasoning flaw does this demonstrate?
a) Hasty generalization
b) Slippery slope
c) False dilemma
d) Post hoc fallacy
Correct Answer: a) Hasty generalization
Explanation: This is a hasty generalization, drawing a conclusion about the entire team based on one person’s behavior.
Question 12
A student uses one study as the basis for a significant research paper without checking other sources. What cognitive bias is at play here?
a) Selection bias
b) Confirmation bias
c) Anchoring bias
d) Availability bias
Correct Answer: b) Confirmation bias
Explanation: The student may be favoring information that aligns with their views, without seeking contrary evidence.
Question 13
A person believes that if a company reduces prices, they will lose profits and eventually go bankrupt. What fallacy is demonstrated here?
a) Hasty generalization
b) Post hoc fallacy
c) Slippery slope
d) False dilemma
Correct Answer: c) Slippery slope
Explanation: The slippery slope fallacy assumes that one small action will inevitably lead to a disastrous outcome.
Question 14
A teacher concludes that all students are struggling because two students failed an exam. What fallacy does this represent?
a) Hasty generalization
b) Ad hominem
c) Strawman
d) False dilemma
Correct Answer: a) Hasty generalization
Explanation: The teacher is making a broad assumption based on insufficient evidence.
Question 15
A manager notices that team members lack motivation and decides to offer professional development opportunities. Which motivational theory does this align with?
a) Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
b) Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
c) McClelland’s Theory of Needs
d) Vroom’s Expectancy Theory
Correct Answer: b) Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
Explanation: Herzberg’s theory emphasizes the importance of job enrichment and growth opportunities for motivation.
Question 16
A person argues that if a new law is passed, it will lead to the complete breakdown of society. What fallacy is demonstrated here?
a) Slippery slope
b) Post hoc fallacy
c) Strawman
d) Hasty generalization
Correct Answer: a) Slippery slope
Explanation: The slippery slope fallacy assumes that one event will lead to extreme consequences without evidence.
Question 17
A company decides to implement a new customer service initiative to improve satisfaction. Which change management model would be most appropriate?
a) Kotter’s 8-Step Change Model
b) Lewin’s Change Management Model
c) ADKAR Model
d) McKinsey 7-S Model
Correct Answer: c) ADKAR Model
Explanation: The ADKAR Model focuses on specific elements like awareness, desire, and knowledge, making it suitable for customer service initiatives.
Question 18
A person believes that if they start exercising, they will lose weight immediately. What kind of reasoning error is this?
a) Post hoc, ergo propter hoc
b) False dilemma
c) Slippery slope
d) Ad hominem
Correct Answer: a) Post hoc, ergo propter hoc
Explanation: This fallacy assumes that one event will directly cause another without considering other factors.
Question 19
A teacher holds individual students accountable for group project outcomes. What management technique does this resemble?
a) Micromanagement
b) Performance management
c) Participative management
d) Task management
Correct Answer: b) Performance management
Explanation: Performance management involves holding individuals accountable for their contributions to ensure team success.
Question 20
A person believes that if they fail one exam, they will fail the entire course. What kind of fallacy does this represent?
a) Hasty generalization
b) False dilemma
c) Slippery slope
d) Post hoc fallacy
Correct Answer: b) False dilemma
Explanation: False dilemma presents only two extreme outcomes, ignoring other possibilities.
