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web.groovymark@gmail.com
- November 21, 2024
Question 41
What does “statistical significance” indicate in hypothesis testing?
a) The results are likely due to chance.
b) The results are unlikely to have occurred under the null hypothesis.
c) The results are purely qualitative.
d) The sample size was too small.
Correct Answer: b) The results are unlikely to have occurred under the null hypothesis.
Explanation: Statistical significance indicates that the observed results are strong enough to reject the null hypothesis, suggesting a meaningful effect.
Question 42
In a frequency distribution table, what does the “frequency” column represent?
a) The total number of categories
b) The number of occurrences of each category
c) The average value of the dataset
d) The highest value in the dataset
Correct Answer: b) The number of occurrences of each category
Explanation: The frequency column counts how many times each category appears in the dataset, aiding in understanding distribution.
Question 43
When analyzing data, what is the purpose of using “cross-tabulation”?
a) To visualize trends over time
b) To summarize data across two or more categorical variables
c) To calculate averages
d) To clean data
Correct Answer: b) To summarize data across two or more categorical variables
Explanation: Cross-tabulation provides a matrix format for displaying relationships between categorical variables, facilitating comparative analysis.
Question 44
What is the definition of “outlier” in statistics?
a) A common value
b) A value that is significantly different from other observations
c) The average of the dataset
d) A value that appears frequently
Correct Answer: b) A value that is significantly different from other observations
Explanation: Outliers can affect statistical calculations and insights, making their identification crucial for accurate data analysis.
Question 45
What does the term “data integrity” refer to in data management?
a) The completeness and accuracy of data
b) The visualization of data
c) The storage of data
d) The entry of data
Correct Answer: a) The completeness and accuracy of data
Explanation: Data integrity ensures that data remains accurate, consistent, and reliable throughout its lifecycle, which is vital for effective analysis.
Question 46
How does “data parsing” benefit data analysis?
a) By merging datasets
b) By structuring and organizing data for analysis
c) By cleaning errors
d) By visualizing data trends
Correct Answer: b) By structuring and organizing data for analysis
Explanation: Data parsing transforms unstructured data into a structured format, making it easier to analyze and interpret.
Question 47
Which statistical method is used to analyze the relationship between two continuous variables?
a) ANOVA
b) Regression analysis
c) Chi-square test
d) Descriptive analysis
Correct Answer: b) Regression analysis
Explanation: Regression analysis assesses how one variable affects another, providing insights into their relationship.
Question 48
What does “sampling bias” refer to in research?
a) Random selection of participants
b) A systematic error in the sample selection process
c) The total number of samples
d) A method of enhancing data integrity
Correct Answer: b) A systematic error in the sample selection process
Explanation: Sampling bias occurs when certain groups are overrepresented or underrepresented in a sample, potentially skewing the results of the research.
Question 49
What type of chart is best for showing proportions of a whole?
a) Line chart
b) Bar chart
c) Pie chart
d) Histogram
Correct Answer: c) Pie chart
Explanation: Pie charts visually represent how individual parts contribute to a total, making them ideal for illustrating proportions.
Question 50
In Excel, which function would you use to calculate the median of a dataset?
a) =AVERAGE
b) =MODE
c) =MEDIAN
d) =SUM
Correct Answer: c) =MEDIAN
Explanation: The MEDIAN function calculates the middle value in a sorted dataset, providing a robust measure of central tendency that is less affected by outliers.
